تأثیر کود مرغی و بیوچار حاصل از آن در دماهای متفاوت روی جذب سطحی فسفر در یک خاک آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

بیوچار به عنوان یکی از منابع ماده آلی می‌تواند در جذب و نگهداری فسفر در خاک مؤثر باشد. این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر کود مرغی و بیوچار تهیه شده از آن در دماهای200، 300 و 400 درجه سانتیگراد بر ویژگی‌های جذب سطحی فسفر در خاک اجرا شد. کود مرغی و بیوچارهای حاصل از آن با نمونه‌های 400 گرمی خاک مخلوط و در دما و رطوبت مناسب به مدت 90 روز خوابانده شد. هم دمای جذب سطحی فسفر در محدوده غلظتی صفر تا 90 میلی‌گرم در لیتر فسفر به روش پیمانه‌ای اندازه‌گیری و مقدار فسفر جذب سطحی شده محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که روند جذب سطحی فسفر در تمامی تیمارها با افزایش غلظت فسفر کاهش یافت. داده‌های جذب با مدل لانگ مویر برازش داده شده. شیب جذب سطحی فسفر در نمونه‌های تیمار شده با بیوچار در غلظت‌های کم و زیاد فسفر در محلول تعادلی، بطور متوسط به ترتیب به میزان 56 درصد کمتر و 116 درصد بیشتر از تیمار شاهد بود. بیوچار تهیه شده در دماهای 300 و 400 درجه سانتیگراد به ترتیب حداقل و حداکثر تأثیر را بر مقدار شیب و حداکثر جذب سطحی فسفر داشتند. حداکثر مقدار فسفر جذب سطحی شده در تیمارهای بیوچار 300 و 400 به ترتیب 144 و 246 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک بود. شیب جذب سطحی فسفر در غلظت کم فسفر محلول تعادلی، در تیمارهای بیوچار 300 و 400 به ترتیب 42/5 و 1/10 و در غلظت زیاد فسفر در محلول تعادلی به ترتیب 50/1 و 59/4 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم به ازاء هر واحد تغییر در غلظت فسفر در محلول تعادل بود. رفتار بیوچار 300 در جذب سطحی فسفر نشان‌دهنده امکان بیشتر استفاده از آن در اراضی کشاورزی نسبت به سایر بیوچارها به منظور بهبود قابلیت استفاده فسفر در خاک است، اما رفتار بیوچار 400 نشان‌دهنده امکان استفاده آن در اصلاح خاک‌های آلوده به فسفر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Poultry Manure and Its Derived Biochar at Different Temperatures on Phosphorus Adsorption in a Calcareous Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mokhtar Zolfi Bavariani
  • Mehrdad Nowroozi
Assistant Professors, Soil and Water Research Department, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bushehr, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biochar is one of the organic matter sources and it can be effective in improving P adsorption in the soil. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of poultry manure (PM) and its derived biochar at temperatures of 200, 300 and 400 °C on P adsorption capacity in a calcareous soil. Poultry manure and its derived biochars were mixed with 400 g of the soil and incubated at appropriate temperature and humidity for 90 days. Phosphorus adsorption isotherms were measured by the modular method at the concentration range of 0 to 90 mg.L-1 of P, and adsorbed P was calculated. The results showed that the P adsorption rate decreased with increasing P concentration in the equilibrium solution in all treatments. Adsorption data were fitted with Long Muir model. In biochar-treated samples, average P adsorption gradient at the low and high P concentrations in equilibrium solution was, respectively, 56% lower and 116% higher than the control. Biochar produced at 300 and 400 °C had, respectively, the minimum and maximum impact on the amount of slope and maximum P adsorption. The maximum adsorbed P in B300 and B400 treatments were 144 and 246 mgkg-1, respectively. At low P concentration in equilibrium solution, P adsorption gradient in B300 and B400 was, respectively, 5.42 and 10.1 mgkg-1 for each unit change of P concentration, and it was 1.50 and 4.59 mgkg-1 at the high P concentration. The behavior of B300 in P adsorption indicates the higher possibility of using it in agricultural lands to improve P availability, compared to the other studied biochars, while B400 behavior indicates the possibility of using it to remediate P-contaminated soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phosphorus dynamics
  • Adsorption isotherm
  • Long Muir model

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پژوهش های خاک
دوره 35، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 105-117

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